ozi

Kedu ihe bụ polyolefins?

Polyolefins bụ ezinụlọ nke polyethylene na polypropylene thermoplastics.A na-emepụta ha karịsịa site na mmanụ na gas site na usoro polymerisation nke ethylene na propylene n'otu n'otu.Ntugharị ha na-eme ka ha bụrụ otu n'ime plastik kachasị ewu ewu na-eji taa.

Njirimara nke polyolefins

Enwere ụdị polyolefin anọ:

• LDPE (polyethylene dị ala): LDPE na-akọwapụta site na njupụta nke 0.910-0.940 g/cm3.Ọ nwere ike idi okpomọkụ nke 80 Celsius C na-aga n'ihu na 95 Celsius C maka obere oge.Emere ya na ntụgharị translucent ma ọ bụ opaque, ọ na-agbanwe agbanwe ma sie ike.
• LLDPE (polyethylene dị obere njupụta): bụ polyethylene kwụ ọtọ nke ukwuu, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke alaka dị mkpụmkpụ, nke a na-emekarị site na copolymerization nke ethylene nwere olefins nwere ogologo ogologo.LLDPE nwere ike tensile dị elu yana mmetụta dị elu yana nkwụsi ike karịa LDPE.Ọ bụ nnọọ mgbanwe na elongates n'okpuru nrụgide.Enwere ike iji ya mee ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị ma nwee ezigbo nguzogide kemịkalụ.Ọ nwere ezigbo ọkụ eletrik.Agbanyeghị, ọ dịghị mfe ịhazi dịka LDPE.
• HDPE (polyethylene njupụta dị elu): A maara HDPE maka oke ike na njupụta ya.Njupụta nke HDPE nwere ike ịdị site na 0.93 ruo 0.97 g/cm3 ma ọ bụ 970 kg/m3.Ọ bụ ezie na njupụta nke HDPE dị ntakịrị elu karịa nke polyethylene dị obere, HDPE nwere obere alaka, na-enye ya ike intermolecular siri ike na ike tensile karịa LDPE.Ọ na-esikwa ike ma na-enwekwa opaque ma nwee ike iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu (120 Celsius C maka obere oge).
• PP (polypropylene): Njupụta nke PP dị n'etiti 0.895 na 0.92 g/cm³.Ya mere, PP bụ ngwaahịa plastik nwere njupụta kacha nta.E jiri ya tụnyere polyethylene (PE) o nwere ihe eji arụ ọrụ dị elu yana nguzogide okpomọkụ, mana obere nguzogide kemịkalụ.PP na-adịkarị ike ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, ọkachasị mgbe ejiri ethylene kpuchie ya.

Ngwa nke polyolefins

Àgwà ndị a kapịrị ọnụ nke ụdị polyolefins dị iche iche na-agbazinye onwe ha na ngwa dị iche iche, dị ka:

• LDPE: ihe nkiri nri, akpa ndị na-ebu ibu, ihe nkiri ugbo, ihe mkpuchi katọn mmiri ara ehi, mkpuchi eriri eletriki, akpa ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị arọ.
• LLDPE: ihe nkiri gbatịa, ihe nkiri nkwakọ ngwaahịa mmepụta ihe, arịa nwere mgbidi dị mkpa, yana ọrụ dị arọ, ọkara na obere akpa.
• HDPE: igbe na igbe, karama (maka ngwaahịa nri, ihe nchacha, ihe ịchọ mma), arịa nri, ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, tankị mmanụ, mkpuchi ụlọ ọrụ na ihe nkiri, ọkpọkọ na ihe ụlọ.
• PP: nkwakọ nri, gụnyere yoghurt, ite margarine, ihe mkpuchi ihe na-atọ ụtọ na nri nri, ihe mkpuchi microwave, fiber kapet, arịa ụlọ ubi, nkwakọ ngwaahịa ahụike na ngwa, akpa, ngwa kichin, na ọkpọkọ.